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Per steps , do the following to the selected columns: a. Set the Top Level to Roof. A bay here is an area enclosed by four grids. This tutorial started with the architectural walls on the correct location, so you will not have to move any walls to account for the newly added structural elements.
Controlling Visibility: In this case, just before placing your first beam, you decide you want to turn off the curtain wall i. These were not turned off by the View Template you had previously applied to this view. Set Filter list to Show all.
For now you will place them directly below the floor. However, later the vertical position of the beam will be adjusted downward when a bar joist is bearing on it more on all this later. The first thing you will do is load a tag which will display the beam size for each member. The tag is added automatically as you model the structural framing members. Zoom in on Grid line D, between Grids 1 and 2. Select W24x55 from the Type Selector; see Figure Make sure Tag on Placement is selected on the Ribbon.
Any sizes needed, but not listed in the Type Selector, must be loaded per the instructions in the previous exercise. It is best to limit the number of steel shapes and sizes to those actually needed in the project. This should help reduce errors when selecting sizes and make finding what you want easier and faster. Notice the Options Bar in the image below; the placement plane is where the top of the beam will be placed.
The default is based on the current view. Because there is not an Offset option on the Options Bar, you will adjust the vertical position of the beam after it is placed. The beam will be created and appear as shown below in Figure Notice a tag was placed above the beam which indicates its size.
Press the Esc key twice or click Modify to deactivate the Beam tool. The floors drawn by the architects, or you in Chapter 6, will be refined in the next chapter. This anticipated thickness will be used to reposition the beam vertically. Currently the top of the beam aligns with the top of the floor.
Additionally, some beams support bar joists, which in turn support the floor. The beams which support bar joists need to be lowered to accommodate the thickness of the bar joist at the bearing location.
The beams which do not support bar joists, perhaps for frame rigidity, shear and edge of slab conditions, need to be directly below the slab. The two typical beam conditions can be seen in the sections shown in Figures Also, a snapshot of the completed structural framing plan shows the direction the joists are spanning Figure Note the direction of the bar joists which support the floor.
Select the Beam and view its properties via the Properties Palette Figure Change… a. Click Apply to commit the change. With the beam still selected, see the image and comment on the next page. When the beam is selected you see the elevation of the beam listed at each end. This text is blue, which means you can select it and edit it without needing to open the properties dialog.
This is particularly handy for sloped beams. However, the Properties Palette may be the better way to go once the bar joists have been placed. When changed via properties, Revit does not make any changes to the model until you click Apply. When you change the on-screen text at one end, it makes the change to that end immediately. Revit may pause as it calculates repositioning all the bar joists along a sloped beam.
Then you wait again when the other end is modified. This is great when the beam does slope! Finally, the triangular grips at each end allow you to manually adjust the one-line beam end location. At each end, the beam stops short of the column or wall to make the drawing more readable.
This conforms to industry standard structural drafting techniques. Next you will place the remaining beams for this elevation on Level 2. Place all the beams shown in Figure All beams shown are at Select the correct beam size via the Type Selector. Load additional beams sizes as needed per steps previously covered. T IP : Place all beams and then select them using the Filter tool and change the vertical positions all at once.
Sometimes things such as notes or dimensions are in the way and the tag is not legible. It is possible to select the tag and move it via the Move tool or by dragging it. The image above has a few such modifications: at both of the stairs and the floor opening in the Northeast corner of the building.
Next, you will add framing for the floor opening. In the next steps you will place a few beams that are supported by other beams. Revit will automatically notify the user of this problem; see image to the right. Place the W24x55 beam approximately as shown in Figure Snap to each of the previously placed beams.
Revit may give you a prompt like the one shown above; simply click OK to ignore the warning. Once lowered, drag the end grip back, and then drag it to the adjacent beam again. This will cause Revit to properly connect to the adjacent beam and clean up the connection graphically.
Remember, you can drag the grips to reposition the temporary dimensions so it goes from the beam to Grid 4. Draw the three remaining beams to support the floor opening: a. Set the elevation i. Set the Structural Usage to Girder. Once the elevation is set properly, drag the beam endpoint to its support so it snaps to it.
The Structural Usage determines the line weight of the line in Coarse mode. This setting also relates to structural analysis via the external programs that can import a Revit Structure model. Notice, in this case, an angle is set to be a girder because it is holding up part of the floor, albeit a small portion with minimal load.
F YI : It is possible to add a permanent dimension from the floor opening to the beam and then load the dimension. This would cause the beam to automatically move with the floor opening. The curved beam is too long, so a column is required at the midpoint. Rather than trying to locate the grids and column first, you will place the beam first. Then you can place the column centered on the beam, and place the grids based on the column location. Finally, you will split the beam at the new column location.
This shows that things can typically be modeled in any order. There is not always one correct way to complete tasks. Place the curved beam; see Figure Select the Beam tool. Set the size to W30x Pick the points in the order shown. Lower the beam to Place a column at mid-span of the curved beam; use the midpoint snap.
Select the column and then use the Rotate tool to rotate the column 45 degrees. Add two Grids: a. Snap to the center of the column for the first point. Draw the grids as shown; adjust the endpoints.
Change the grid number or letter as shown. Split the Beam: a. Click at the center of the column. Delete the beam tag for the curved beam: a. Select it and press the Delete key.
This tag will be added later. The structural template has a few floor systems ready to go, and you already imported them into your project. In order for you to better understand how the floors work in Revit, you will modify the architectural floor previously created to have the proper structural representation.
If you recall, a temporary placeholder was added to the floor to represent the anticipated bar joist depth. This placeholder will be removed as the actual bar joists are about to be drawn. Open the law office model, if not already open. Switch to Level 2 — Structural Framing Plan, if needed. Select the floor element; use the Filter tool if needed. Select Edit, next to the Structure parameter. Change the Function of Row 3 to Structural Deck [1]. Once the previous step has been done, you now have access to the Structural Deck Properties.
Do the following: i. It is important to show this profile in sections and details so the contractor knows which way the decking should be installed. The metal decking is only strong in one direction: that is the direction in which the flutes run. In the other direction the metal deck can actually bend to conform to a curved beam or roof.
As you will see in a moment, Revit has a way in which you can specify the direction the decking runs. In addition to selecting a deck profile, you also have a Deck Usage option in the lower right. Only one exists in this example; it is concrete. Select OK twice to close the open dialog boxes. The floor placed by the architects in Revit Architecture is an Architectural Floor.
You will need to change it to a Structural Floor before it can be tagged. This is done by simply checking a box in the Instance Properties dialog box for the floor. Select the Level 2 floor. View its Instance Properties via the Properties Palette. Check the box next to the Structural parameter Figure Click Apply. You have to select the edge of the structural floor before Revit can place the symbol. Click the edge of the Level 2 floor. Click anywhere within the middle of the floor Figure Click Modify to finish the Span Direction tool.
The filled arrowheads indicate the direction the flutes run, and thus the span direction of the deck. In this example, the filled arrows should be on the left and the right. If not, you simply select the symbol and use the Rotate command.
Also, when the symbol is selected, it can be moved so it does not obscure any text, tags or dimensions. Click the Span Direction icon and then click a sketch line. The image above shows a clear example of the effect the Span Direction symbol has on the structural floor. Ensure that the filled arrows are on the left and right, as in the example on the right in Figure If not, select the symbol and use the Rotate tool to rotate it 90 degrees.
There is one more thing that has to be addressed before we can consider the Level 2 floor complete. Looking back at Figure This dictated the direction the metal deck should span, perpendicular to the joists. However, in the Southeastern corner of the building at the main entry, the joists turn 90 degrees to span the shorter direction and thus reduce the depth of the joist and amount of steel required. In this case, you need to break the floor element into two pieces so you can control the span direction independently for both areas.
Select the Level 2 floor element. With the floor selected, click Edit Boundary on the Ribbon. Modify the floor boundary so it stops at Grid B, as shown in Figure Use Trim and Delete to edit the boundary. T IP : Copy the linework for the portion of floor to be removed. This can then be pasted into the sketch of the new floor to be created in the next steps. The area between Grids A and B does not have a floor currently. You will create a new floor element for this area and adjust the Span Direction symbol appropriately.
Once you have an enclosed boundary with no gaps or overlaps, click Finish Edit Mode on the Ribbon. Click No to any prompts.
Notice, when the structural floor is placed, a Span Direction symbol is automatically added Figure If the filled arrows do not point North-South, opposite of the main floor, select it and Rotate it 90 degrees in either direction.
This wraps up the floor editing process. The roof is a similar process and the slab-ongrade, Level 1, is acceptable as-is. This is relatively easy as Revit provides a tool called Beam Systems that will fill an entire structural bay with bar joists, following predefined rules for spacing. The Ribbon now displays the Place Beam System contextual tab and the Options Bar has several options to control what is modeled, joist size and spacing.
N OTE : Revit thinks of any horizontal support member as a beam; its Structural Usage parameter defines how it is used and Joist is one of those options. You will be placing bar joists in the building to hold up the floor, but the Beam System tool will work equally well with I-joists, wide flange beams, dimensional lumber, or anything defined within the Structural Framing category. Adjust the Options Bar to match Figure Beam Type drop-down : 16k5 b. Justification drop-down : Center c.
Layout Rule: Fixed Distance d. Walls Define Slope: Checked g. Tag style drop-down : System h. Only families, specifically structural framing category families, loaded into the project will appear in the Beam Type list. If the structural member needed was not listed, you would have to click Modify to cancel the command and load the family. Next you will adjust the elevation of the top of the joist; the reasoning for the number you enter will be provided momentarily. The beam you select needs to be parallel to the span of the joists as you will learn in the next step.
Click the beam along Grid 1 as shown in Figure Dashed lines indicate the location and direction of each joist to be created if the beam the cursor is hovering over is selected. Notice the single-line representation provided for each joist with the ends stopping short of their supports to make things graphically clear; this is due to the Detail Level being set to Coarse.
Also, a tag is provided indicating the joist size and spacing. You will learn how to create sections in a later chapter. Although you will not do that in this tutorial, here is how it is done. Each joist in the Beam System can be selected; it does not work if the entire Beam System itself is selected. Then you can view its Instance Properties via the Properties Palette.
You would have to select each joist to make this change. Having a start and end parameter allows you to individually control each end of the joist. Save first, and then place the remaining Beam Systems for the information shown in Figure The bay with the curved beam will take a few minutes for the Beam System to be created as each joist is a different size. Also, for the curved area, click Delete Type to continue when prompted Figure You cannot use the one-click method here, as Revit will fill in the area from Grid 3 all the way past the floor opening to Grid 4.
In this case, Revit provides a way in which you can sketch the perimeter of the Beam System. Select the Beam System tool. Click the Sketch Beam System button from the Ribbon. Rather than sketching new lines from scratch, you will use the Pick Supports options which will force you to pick the beams that will define the perimeter of the Beam System.
Pick a vertical beam first see highlighted beam in Figure The beam span is defined by picking a beam parallel to the desired joist span. Pick the other three beams to define the bay Figure Use Trim to clean up the four corners. Verify the following settings via the Properties Palette: a.
Layout rule: Fixed Distance e. Click Apply if any changes have been made to the Properties Palette. Click Finish Edit Mode green check mark to have Revit place the joists. You now only have two small areas to the East in which to place joists and Level 2 is then complete. It only tags the individual beams, joists. This makes the plan cluttered, so we will delete them. In the next section you will learn how to manually add beam and beam system tags when needed.
Select each joist tag and delete it by pressing the Delete key; do not delete the beam tags from the previous exercise. Select each tag one at a time and delete it, or select them all first, using the Ctrl key, and then delete them all at once. A tag can be deleted at any time without worries. A tag only reports information contained within the element it is tagging; it contains no information itself.
The point is, deleting a tag will not cause any information to be eradicated from the BIM. As you will see in the next exercise, tags can be added manually at any time.
You will need to load a new, smaller, bar joist size. If you tried to place one of the larger joists in this area you would get an error because the snap is too short and the joist too deep; Revit cannot build a valid joist given such conditions. Given the short span, the smaller joists are more appropriate. Using techniques previously discussed, i. The joists are often smaller and spaced further apart on the roof.
This is because the roof can bounce more compared to a floor where people would feel uncomfortable and materials such as ceramic floor tile would crack. Sometimes snow loads, a dead load, would require similarly sized and spaced structural members. N OTE : The remaining structure is provided in the chapter starter file for the next chapter. You use alignment and dimension tools to more precisely position the windows.
Part 8: Place a Curtain Wall In this exercise, you place a curtain wall at the store entry. Part 9: Create Stairs and Railings In this exercise, you complete the interior of the model by adding a staircase to the mezzanine on the lower level, then modifying the railing on the mezzanine. Part Create Views In this exercise, you create a section view, a callout view of the exterior wall, and a detail callout of the parapet.
Part Add Dimensions In this exercise, you add dimensions to the building model to dimension the footprint of the main building. Part Add Notes In this exercise, you add annotations to a plan view of the building model.
Part Create Sheets In this exercise, you create a sheet and add multiple views to the sheet. Tutorial Videos. You may wish to Copy them, Rotate them, Split them, etc. All the Editing tools you need are contained in this Menu. If I click on the Architecture menu….. I have split the Architectural ribbon into 2 separate images for ease of viewing- you will see this as one continuous horizontal ribbon in your installation of Revit.
I have highlighted the individual Panels with a red border, so you can identify them easily. Just take minute to click on each of the Menu tabs so that you can see the variety of Panels that Revit contains. Note that some of the Panel names have a small black triangle next to them see the purple arrow above - if you click on the triangle, you get access to additional settings for that particular panel.
Tools Each individual Panel contains a number of tools that we use to create and edit the elements within our Project. Note how some tools also have a small black triangle situated beneath their names. If you click on the triangles, a drop-down of related tools will appear. If you hover your cursor over a tool icon for a few seconds….. Revit makes extensive use of Keyboard Shortcuts. Most tools have Keyboard Shortcuts and you can see the shortcut letters displayed in brackets after the tool name.
So in the above example, we can see the letters WA in brackets after the tool name Wall. Here it is again for reference…… Clicking on the small black triangle at the far right of the Quick Access toolbar allows us to customise its contents and also choose whether we want the QA toolbar above or below the ribbon…..
A small button at the far right end of all the menu tabs….. Double-clicking anywhere on the grey bar but NOT on a menu tab has the same e ect and will cycle through these options with each double-click.
While you are still familiarising yourself with Revit, I would strongly suggest you leave the visibility of the ribbon set to full- so you can easily identify the Panels and Tools. Cancelling a command or tool Once you have selected a tool, you may wish to change your mind and cancel its operation. There are two main ways of cancelling the use of any tool in Revit. You can either press the Escape key on your keyboard or alternatively you can click on the Modify button which is always on the far left hand side of the ribbon…..
Many beginners get caught out by this button. It literally cancels out of the current command and puts Revit back into the default state- ready for the next command. Con guring the Menu Tabs according to Discipline In the previous Unit we said that the menu could be customised to just show the tabs that you are interested in. To conclude this Unit, I am going to show you how to do that.
When you click on this, the drop-down menu will appear. You then need to click on the Options button near the base of the panel….. Once you have selected User Interface you will presented will a tick list of all the possible Menu tabs.
All you need to do is place a tick against the ones you would like displayed on the main menu. Click here to watch the YouTube Video Tutorial Introduction In the opening Module of this course we talked a little about how Revit uses parameters for everything it creates. In this Unit we going to revisit that topic and look at parameters in more detail. Everything is driven by parameters One model, one database Change it once and it changes everywhere! You decide where to change it Everything is driven by parameters All elements within Revit are controlled using parameters and associated values.
If we select the doors selected elements are always highlighted in blue by default we can see its parameters and associated values displayed in the properties palette see below. Four example we have a parameter called Frame Material and its associated value is Metal.
We can click on the values the ones within the green box and change them directly within the Properties Palette. In addition to those listed by default, we can create custom parameters to our elements, to store a variety of di erent information.
For example in the image above, I have selected a section of external wall. I can see all the properties of that section of wall in the properties palette number 4 in the above image.
This goes a long way to keeping our model coordinated and accurate. Our plans will always match our elevations and sections, etc. The properties for the window are displayed in the Properties Palette. If I wish to change the window type, I can either pick a di erent type from the drop-down selector in the properties palette see number 1 in the above image or I can pick a di erent type from the cell in the window schedule.
All elements in Revit are controlled by parameters which have a name and an associated value. No matter where you make your changes to an element or asset, that change will permeate back to the database and update all other associated views that show the relevant element.
As the views of your model are generated from a single database, coordination issues in Revit are almost non-existent. Normally when you are modelling a Roof in Revit, you will have a Level setup to control its height- this may by a Level that is also controlling the top of your external walls. Make sure the Floor Plan View you choose to work in is associated with the Level at which you want to create your Roof at.
In other words. Revit has worked out that I may not want to create a Roof down at the Ground Floor….. Also notice the Options Bar- see the image below. So now we are ready to start sketching the boundary of our at roof. The Boundary Lines are the pink ones in the image below….. If we switch to a 3D View we can clearly see our new Roof….
What about pitched or sloped Roofs? Easy, we just use the same tool, in the same way- with one important di erence. This is because I want the edge of our pitched roof to overhang the external walls by mm….. So again, we go around the external walls of our building, clicking on each wall element. Notice how Revit add the Boundary Lines with an O set of mm away from the walls 2.
You can see in the image below the completed Roof. If we switch to a 3D View we can better see the nal geometry of our new pitched roof….. First of all select the Roof we have just created. Consequently you now have access to the Boundary Lines. Go ahead and select one of the Boundary Lines segments that corresponds with where you would like to create your Gable End…..
IN the image below you can see that the roof now has a Gable End. We can also see that there is triangular gap left in the gable wall…….
Please refer to the image below when reading these instructions. In the image below you can see I have created a Section Line through the building…..
Once again select the Wall rst 1. Revit then makes the wall meet the underside of the roof correctly…. This tool allows us to sketch a 2D pro le in an Elevation or Section View and then create a horizontally-extruded view from it. The rst step in this process is to choose a plane on which we are going to sketch the 2D pro le of our Roof.
This will then get Revit to detect the various planes it nds as you move you cursor around in the active view….. So in a 3D View I can hover my cursor above the model and Revit highlights the various planes that it nds. I am going to use the end of the building as the plane on which I will sketch the 2D Roof Pro le.
As soon as you do this Revit then brings up another panel…. This panel is allows you to choose the Level that you want you Roof referenced to. It also allows you to apply any o set to the height of the Level. So referring to the above image: Choose a tool from the draw palette 1 and then sketch the Roof Pro le in the active view 2. You do NOT create a closed loop. You do NOT sketch around what will be the perimeter of your roof in section. When you are happy with your Pro le sketch, go ahead and hit the Green Cross.
This will instruct Revit to proceed and create the 3D geometry for your roof form….. You can change the Roof Type at any point- but the upper surface of your Roof Type will always be coincident with the Sketch Pro le. In the above image we can see our Roof Form in 3D. So far, so good.
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